Brahma Viharas

The Brahma Viharas—also called the “Four Divine Abodes” or “Sublime Attitudes”—are four central virtues in Buddhism, regarded as the highest and most wholesome states of mind one can cultivate. The term literally means “abodes of Brahma,” referencing the god Brahma, who is said to dwell in these exalted states.

Metta: Loving-kindness

This is an attitude of unconditional friendliness and active goodwill toward all beings, wishing for their happiness and well-being.

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Karuna: Compassion

Compassion arises from metta and is the heartfelt response to the suffering of others, accompanied by the desire to alleviate that suffering.

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Mudita: Appreciative Joy

This is the capacity to take genuine delight in the happiness and success of others, without jealousy or envy, even when one did not contribute to their happiness.

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Upekkha: Equanimity

Equanimity is a state of even-mindedness, calm, and impartiality. It allows one to remain balanced and undisturbed by life’s ups and downs, treating all beings with impartiality.

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